Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a thermoplastic polymer resin belonging to the polyester family, widely used for its strength, transparency, chemical resistance, and recyclability. It is formed through the polycondensation reaction of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid, producing long molecular chains that can be melted and reshaped multiple times without major degradation.

PET is lightweight, durable, and resistant to moisture and most solvents, which makes it ideal for packaging, textiles, and engineering applications. It is most commonly used to manufacture plastic bottles, food containers, synthetic fibers (marketed as polyester in fabrics), and industrial films.

A major advantage of PET is that it is 100% recyclable. It can be converted into rPET (recycled PET) through mechanical or chemical recycling processes, reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions compared to virgin plastic. Recycled PET is used in new bottles, textiles, carpets, and automotive parts.

Because of its versatility, recyclability, and performance, PET plays a central role in the circular economy, although its widespread use also highlights the importance of effective recycling systems to prevent environmental pollution.