Biomass

Biomass is organic material derived from plants, animals, or microorganisms that can be used as a renewable source of energy or raw material. It includes wood residues, agricultural by-products, algae, and organic waste. Because the carbon in biomass originates from atmospheric CO₂ absorbed during photosynthesis, it is often considered carbon-neutral when sourced sustainably. Biomass can be converted into energy through combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, or anaerobic digestion, producing electricity, heat, or renewable fuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol. It also supports carbon removal when combined with technologies like biochar production or carbon capture and storage. In the net-zero transition, biomass provides a versatile pathway to replace fossil fuels, enhance soil health, and create circular bioeconomies that turn waste into value while reducing greenhouse gas emissions.